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is the oldest citadel in Romania. Discovered in 1914 by the Romanian historian Vasile Parvan, the Histria Ciated was founded in the 7th century BC by the greek colonists came from Milet. Intense commercial trades, advanced agriculture and implication in that time politics transformed the citadel into on of the most flourishing ancient cities. Over the years, the citadel suffered a great deal of changes – the roman conqueror, the annexation of the citadel into Burebista’s Dacian State and than again the roman ruling , as well as the attacks of the migratory nations had led to the downfall and finally the abandonment of the citadel in the 7th century AC

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One of the Dobrudgea’s most important historic monuments place – “Tropaeum Trajani” monument which represents one of the most important chapters of the lasting native population on these places. The monument was built between 106 and 109 BC by the Emperor Traian’s will to celebrate the victory of the roman warriors over the dacians, which remained in history as one of the most bloodiest battles ever. Completely restored in the 70’s , the monument resembles very well with the “Trajani Column” in Rome ; the historians assumed that they were build by the same architect – Apolodor of Damascus.

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Rises on the right shore of Danube, midway distance between Harsova and Cernavoda. The fortification is quadrangle shaped with the long sides faced NW to SW – 105 m x 127 m. It’s walls are over 2 meters thick and 5 to 6 meters tall and there are two gates, one 2,5 meter wide on the SE side that connected the citadel with the rest of the territory and one strategically placed on the SW side of the tower facing the Danube where was the harbor. The fortification still has 7 canons over 10 meters long, 3 of them are rectangular shaped, 2 are quadrant shaped and 2 medium ones are U shaped.

its been more than 2500 years since on the place of today’s modern city of Constantza was built a settlement by the greek sailors and merchants originating from Milet (Asia). The most flourishing time of the Tomis Citadel is halfway of the 1st Century AC. Roman ruling over the territory between Istros (Danube) and Pontus Euxinus (Black Sea) has made the citadel a metropolis. During this time many great temples were built, as well as public squares , new roads and new districts. But the flourishing citadel is devastated by the avars in the year 601. A few centuries later, on the Tomis Citadel’s ruins emerges a new fisherman’s village which over the years evolved into what is now known as Constantza City. The old citadel’s ruins are to be found almost everywhere in today’s modern city

emerged as a Heracletic’s colony by the oracle’s orders in the same time that Amyntas became ruler of Macedonia. Unlike Tomis and Histria which were Miletian colonies, Callatis had dorian origins and was founded by the greeks which came from Heracleea Pontic. In the 4th Century BC the citadel passes an economic and socially – political boom proved by the written parchments as well as the archeological discoveries. The citadel has a rural land which is used for agriculture, its workshops work around the clock and are granted a democratic regime like the State-Citadels in the Megara. Strong walls are raised to protect the citadel from mainland and harbors are built to protect it from the sea.

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copyrigth 2010